Discover the fascinating life of the processionary caterpillar, from its birth until its complete development. This detailed guide offers an in-depth look at each stage of the life cycle of this insect, belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Understanding its development phases is essential to implement effective and ecological management strategies.
Egg Hatching and First Days
The adventure of processionary caterpillar begins in early summer when female butterflies lay their eggs on the branches of pine, oak, or other host trees. These eggs, grouped in protective sleeves, generally hatch after a few weeks. The young caterpillars that emerge are then ready to begin their first stage of development.
Larval Development
After hatching, the caterpillars go through several larval stages, each marked by a molt where they exchange their exoskeleton for another, larger one. During this phase, the processionary caterpillars feed intensely on the needles of their host tree, which can lead to massive defoliation. The period when they are most active is generally in autumn.
Nest Formation and Social Behavior
An interesting feature of these caterpillars is their social behavior. In groups, they build a common silky nest, visible on the branches of trees. This nest serves as a refuge during the winter and protection against predators and bad weather. The complex interior of the nest is made up of multiple interconnected chambers where the caterpillars live and develop in safety.
Procession and Metamorphosis
In spring, the caterpillars leave their nest in a long, orderly procession, hence their name. This spectacular stage prepares their transformations into pupae, buried in the ground. Underground, they begin their metamorphosis which will culminate in the emergence of adult butterflies, ready to perpetuate the life cycle.
Understand the development of the processionary caterpillar is crucial to managing your presence. Knowing the different phases of its life helps to intervene in a more precise and environmentally friendly way, thus minimizing damage to vegetation and reducing risks for local fauna.